閘閥是一個(gè)啟閉件閘板，閘板的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與流體方向相垂直，閘閥只能作全開和全關(guān)，不能作調(diào)節(jié)和節(jié)流。閘閥通過閥座和閘板接觸進(jìn)行密封，通常密封面會(huì)堆焊金屬材料以增加耐磨性，如堆焊1Cr13、STL6、不銹鋼等。閘板有剛性閘板和彈性閘板，根據(jù)閘板的不同，閘閥分為剛性閘閥和彈性閘閥。
A gate valve is a gate with an opening and closing element, and its movement direction is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. Gate valves are sealed by the contact between the valve seat and the gate plate. Usually, the sealing surface is welded with metal materials to increase wear resistance, such as 1Cr13, STL6, stainless steel, etc. There are rigid and elastic gate valves, and gate valves are divided into rigid gate valves and elastic gate valves according to the different types of gates.
閘閥的啟閉件是閘板，閘板的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與流體方向相垂直，閘閥只能作全開和全關(guān)，不能作調(diào)節(jié)和節(jié)流。閘板有兩個(gè)密封面，較常用的模式閘板閥的兩個(gè)密封面形成楔形、楔形角隨閥門參數(shù)而異，通常為5°，介質(zhì)溫度不高時(shí)為2°52'。楔式閘閥的閘板可以做成一個(gè)整體，叫做剛性閘板；也可以做成能產(chǎn)生微量變形的閘板，以改善其工藝性，彌補(bǔ)密封面角度在加工過程中產(chǎn)生的偏差，這種閘板叫做彈性閘板。閘閥關(guān)閉時(shí)，密封面可以只依靠介質(zhì)壓力來密封，即依靠介質(zhì)壓力將閘板的密封面壓向另一側(cè)的閥座來保證密封面的密封，這就是自密封。
The opening and closing component of the gate valve is the gate, and the movement direction of the gate is perpendicular to the direction of the fluid. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, and cannot be adjusted or throttled. The gate has two sealing surfaces, and the two sealing surfaces of the commonly used gate valve form a wedge shape. The wedge angle varies depending on the valve parameters, usually 5 °, and 2 ° 52 'when the medium temperature is not high. The gate plate of a wedge gate valve can be made into a whole, called a rigid gate plate; It can also be made into a gate that can produce slight deformation to improve its processability and compensate for the deviation of the sealing surface angle during the processing. This type of gate is called an elastic gate. When the gate valve is closed, the sealing surface can only rely on medium pressure to seal, that is, relying on medium pressure to press the sealing surface of the gate plate towards the other side of the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface, which is self sealing.
大部分閘閥是采用強(qiáng)制密封的，即閥門關(guān)閉時(shí)，要依靠外力強(qiáng)行將閘板壓向閥座，以保證密封面的密封性。閘閥的閘板隨閥桿一起作直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的，叫升降桿閘閥，亦叫明桿閘閥。通常在升降桿上有梯形螺紋，通過閥門頂端的螺母以及閥體上的導(dǎo)槽，將旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)變?yōu)橹本€運(yùn)動(dòng)，也就是將操作轉(zhuǎn)矩變?yōu)椴僮魍屏?。開啟閥門時(shí)，當(dāng)閘板提升高度等于閥門通徑的1：1倍時(shí)，流體的通道暢通，但在運(yùn)行時(shí)，此位置是無法監(jiān)視的。
Most gate valves use forced sealing, which means that when the valve is closed, external force is used to forcefully press the gate plate towards the valve seat to ensure the sealing surface is sealed. The gate plate of a gate valve moves in a straight line with the valve stem, which is called a rising stem gate valve, also known as a rising stem gate valve. Usually, there is a trapezoidal thread on the lifting rod, which transforms the rotating motion into linear motion through the nut at the top of the valve and the guide groove on the valve body, that is, the operating torque is converted into the operating thrust. When opening the valve, when the lifting height of the gate is equal to 1:1 times the valve diameter, the fluid channel is unobstructed, but this position cannot be monitored during operation.
實(shí)際使用時(shí)，是以閥桿的頂點(diǎn)作為標(biāo)志，即開不動(dòng)的位置，作為它的全開位置。為考慮溫度變化出現(xiàn)鎖死現(xiàn)象，通常在開到頂點(diǎn)位置上，再倒回1/2－1圈，作為全開閥門的位置。因此，閥門的全開位置，按閘板的位置即行程來確定。有的閘閥，閥桿螺母設(shè)在閘板上，手輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)帶動(dòng)閥桿轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，而使閘板提升，這種閥門叫做旋轉(zhuǎn)桿閘閥，或叫暗桿閘閥。現(xiàn)在市場(chǎng)上有很多電動(dòng)扳手的制造商，所以選擇一個(gè)好的產(chǎn)品制造商很重要。
In actual use, the vertex of the valve stem is used as the mark, that is, the position that cannot be opened, as its fully open position. To consider the phenomenon of lockup due to temperature changes, it is usually done by turning back 1/2 to 1 turn at the top position as the fully open valve position. Therefore, the fully open position of the valve is determined based on the position of the gate, i.e. the stroke. Some gate valves have a stem nut located on the gate, and the handwheel rotates to drive the stem to rotate, causing the gate to lift. This type of valve is called a rotary stem gate valve, or a non rising stem gate valve. There are many manufacturers of electric wrenches in the market now, so it is important to choose a good product manufacturer.
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