球閥是近年來(lái)發(fā)展為迅速、應(yīng)用日益廣泛的一類閥門。球閥的啟閉件是一個(gè)帶圓形通孔的球體，球體繞閥體中心線旋轉(zhuǎn)90°即可完成從全開(kāi)到全關(guān)的切換。球閥的結(jié)構(gòu)與旋塞閥相似，因此也有人稱其為“球形旋塞閥”。

Ball valves are a type of valve that has developed rapidly and become increasingly widely used in recent years. The opening and closing component of a ball valve is a spherical body with a circular through-hole, which can be rotated 90 ° around the centerline of the valve body to complete the switch from fully open to fully closed. The structure of a ball valve is similar to that of a plug valve, so some people also refer to it as a "spherical plug valve".

球閥的工作原理出彩為簡(jiǎn)潔——旋轉(zhuǎn)閥桿90°，球體隨之旋轉(zhuǎn)90°。當(dāng)球體的通孔與管道軸線對(duì)齊時(shí)，介質(zhì)暢通無(wú)阻，閥門全開(kāi)；當(dāng)球體旋轉(zhuǎn)90°使通孔與管道軸線垂直時(shí)，球體的實(shí)心部分阻斷流道，閥門全關(guān)。這種90°旋轉(zhuǎn)的操作方式使球閥具有開(kāi)關(guān)迅速、操作輕便的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

The working principle of a ball valve is extremely simple - rotate the valve stem 90 °, and the ball will rotate 90 ° accordingly. When the through-hole of the sphere is aligned with the axis of the pipeline, the medium is unobstructed and the valve is fully opened; When the sphere rotates 90 ° to make the through-hole perpendicular to the pipeline axis, the solid part of the sphere blocks the flow channel and the valve is fully closed. This 90 ° rotation operation method gives the ball valve outstanding advantages of quick opening and easy operation.

球閥的核心優(yōu)勢(shì)可以概括為以下幾點(diǎn)。密封可靠——球體與閥座（通常為聚四氟乙烯等塑料材料）之間為面接觸密封，密封面積大，且球面在關(guān)閉狀態(tài)下始終與閥座貼合，不易被介質(zhì)沖蝕。結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、體積小、重量輕——相比同口徑的閘閥和截止閥，球閥的體形更為緊湊。維修方便——球閥的零部件數(shù)量少，拆裝維護(hù)較為簡(jiǎn)便。適用范圍廣——球閥可以做成很大的口徑，適用于從真空到高壓、從低溫到高溫的多種工況。

The core advantages of ball valves can be summarized as follows. Reliable sealing - there is a surface contact seal between the sphere and the valve seat (usually made of plastic materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene), with a large sealing area, and the sphere always adheres to the valve seat in the closed state, making it less susceptible to erosion by the medium. Simple structure, small size, and light weight - compared to gate valves and globe valves of the same caliber, ball valves have a more compact body shape. Easy maintenance - Ball valves have a small number of components, making disassembly and maintenance relatively simple. Wide applicability - Ball valves can be made with large diameters and are suitable for various working conditions ranging from vacuum to high pressure, and from low to high temperature.

球閥的種類十分繁多，大致可分為浮動(dòng)球球閥和固定球球閥兩大類。浮動(dòng)球球閥的球體在閥體內(nèi)可自由浮動(dòng)，靠介質(zhì)壓力將球體壓向出口側(cè)閥座實(shí)現(xiàn)密封，適用于中低壓工況。固定球球閥的球體由上下閥桿固定，不能浮動(dòng)，靠彈簧或介質(zhì)壓力推動(dòng)閥座壓向球體實(shí)現(xiàn)密封，適用于高壓大口徑工況。按球體通孔的形狀，又可分為全通徑球閥（球體通孔直徑與管道內(nèi)徑一致，流阻出彩小）和縮徑球閥（球體通孔直徑小于管道內(nèi)徑，流阻稍大但扭矩更?。ＴO(shè)計(jì)成V形開(kāi)口的球閥還具有良好的流量調(diào)節(jié)功能。

There are many types of ball valves, which can be roughly divided into two categories: floating ball valves and fixed ball valves. The ball of the floating ball valve can freely float inside the valve body, and the ball is pressed towards the outlet side valve seat by the medium pressure to achieve sealing, suitable for medium and low pressure conditions. The ball of the fixed ball valve is fixed by the upper and lower valve stems and cannot float. It is sealed by the spring or medium pressure pushing the valve seat towards the ball, suitable for high-pressure and large-diameter working conditions. According to the shape of the spherical through-hole, it can be divided into full bore ball valves (the diameter of the spherical through-hole is consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline, with extremely low flow resistance) and reduced bore ball valves (the diameter of the spherical through-hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipeline, with slightly higher flow resistance but lower torque). The ball valve designed with a V-shaped opening also has good flow regulation function.

良工閥門生產(chǎn)的球閥產(chǎn)品種類豐富。浮動(dòng)式球閥適用于一般工況。固定式球閥適用于高壓大口徑工況。焊接保溫球閥適用于需要保溫的介質(zhì)。電動(dòng)球閥和氣動(dòng)球閥可實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程自動(dòng)化控制。此外還有高溫球閥、埋地式焊接球閥等多種特種產(chǎn)品。良工球閥產(chǎn)品可覆蓋從DN15到DN1000以上的口徑范圍，材質(zhì)包括碳鋼、不銹鋼、合金鋼等。

Lianggong Valve produces a wide variety of ball valve products. Floating ball valves are suitable for general working conditions. Fixed ball valves are suitable for high-pressure and large-diameter working conditions. Welded insulated ball valves are suitable for media that require insulation. Electric ball valves and pneumatic ball valves can achieve remote automation control. In addition, there are various special products such as high-temperature ball valves and buried welded ball valves. Lianggong ball valve products can cover a diameter range from DN15 to DN1000 and above, with materials including carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, etc.

球閥廣泛應(yīng)用于石油煉制、長(zhǎng)輸管線、化工、造紙、制藥、水利、電力、市政、鋼鐵等行業(yè)。其“快開(kāi)快關(guān)”的特性使其非常適用于需要頻繁操作或緊急切斷的場(chǎng)合。近年來(lái)，隨著球閥制造工藝的不斷進(jìn)步和密封材料的持續(xù)改進(jìn)，球閥正逐步替代部分傳統(tǒng)閘閥和截止閥的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景，成為工業(yè)閥門領(lǐng)域不可或缺的重要成員。

Ball valves are widely used in industries such as petroleum refining, long-distance pipelines, chemical, papermaking, pharmaceuticals, water conservancy, power, municipal, and steel. Its fast opening and closing characteristics make it particularly suitable for situations that require frequent operation or emergency shutdown. In recent years, with the continuous progress of ball valve manufacturing technology and the continuous improvement of sealing materials, ball valves are gradually replacing some traditional gate valves and globe valves in application scenarios, becoming an indispensable and important member of the industrial valve field.

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